Grade 430 stainless steel fractures in a ductile manner at room temperature. However, it is difficult to weld without loss of toughness and is not used in structural applications.
Pressure Vessels
AS1210, Pressure Vessels, allows the use of grade 430 up to a temperature of 650°C, as plate, seamless pipe and tube, and bar.
475ºC Embrittlement
When ferritic stainless steels are heated to temperatures above about 340°C, toughness is reduced and the material becomes brittle. The maximum effect occurs at about 475°C. The toughness can be restored by heating to temperatures above 515°C and rapidly cooling.
Precipitation of sigma phase can occur after long exposure in the 450 – 810°C temperature range, with loss of toughness and corrosion resistance.
Sensitisation
As with the austenitic grades, 430 may suffer sensitisation and loss of corrosion resistance due to precipitation of carbides. This occurs when heated above about 880°C. Annealing sensitised 430 at 800°C will eliminate sensitisation. Even heats of 430 with carbon content below 0.03% can sensitise, and there is no 430L low carbon analogue to 304L. It is possible to obtain a stabilised version, 430Ti, which uses a titanium addition to eliminate sensitisation.
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